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Critically analyse and evaluate an aspect of clinical practice and how it has impacted the quality of care provision

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES

SECTION 1: COMPONENTS OF THE CRITICAL REVIEW

There is one summative assessment for this module. The assessment must be passed

with a threshold of 40%

Assessment Type: Written Report - Critical Review assignment: (2,000 words)

Required Format and file type: Electronic Microsoft Word Document

Weighting: 100%

Assessment Requirements:

You must submit a report of 2000 words (+/- 10%)

Your report should:

✓ Critically analyse and evaluate an aspect of clinical practice and how it has impacted the quality of care provision.

You will perform a literature search:

✓to identify why this service or practice was implemented,

✓ explore aspects of care affected before and after implementation and

✓how it has contributed to the delivery of high-quality care.

39%

In your report, you must discuss:

✓ which approaches and strategies existed before and

✓ explore ways to improve the existing practice or service with current evidence base.

General Guidelines for Writing a Report:

Your report should include:

► Introduction

• Introduce your topic with reference to key literature / research and state if your chosen topic is an area that has been widely researched or not.)

• Explain/ define any conditions, treatments or aspects of care which are key to your review e.g. prevalence of a specific disease in the UK.

• The literature review is to focus on a nursing issue or have a nursing focus on your chosen topic.

• State the purpose and rationale for choosing this topic.

 

➤ Search strategy: e.g. databases used, search terms, how combined with Boolean operators, inclusion and exclusion terms.

➤ A description of what you are focusing in your report

➤ Critical analysis and evaluation of an aspect of clinical practice or service*

➤ An appreciation of relevant and current national/international guidelines

➤ Showcase an understanding of the research methodologies used

➤ A critical evaluation of how care delivery is impacted

➤ A range of appropriate and relevant literature to support your work

▸  A comprehensive reference list adhering to UEL`s Referencing guidelines

LTE

critical appraisal:

This appraisal should include analysis of the findings and also the research quality

of the papers selected. Ideally you should compare and contrast the findings and/or

methods of the selected papers. See the lecture on critical appraisal.

*Please be mindful that confidentiality and anonymity is maintained. Any breach of such nature will result in a 5% penalty. Where appropriate, you may wish to use a disclaimer which stipulates that confidentiality and anonymity has been maintained.

Alternatively, you may highlight in your report that, any or all identifiers have been replaced by pseudonyms.

Due date/time: 15/12/2022 at 16.00 via Turnitin

SECTION 2: WRITING A LITERATURE REVIEW

Your literature review must focus on a Nursing issue or have a Nursing focus.

Step 1   Identify Area of Interest

• Stop and think.

• Pick an area that is of interest to you.

• Play around with an idea, rephrase it and try to focus your thoughts into a more specific review question.

• Identify key words that can be used for the literature search.

• The topic should be sufficiently complex to merit rigorous enquiry but narrow enough to yield clear guidelines for practice.

Step 2 Planning a Time Scale

 

• The time taken should not be underestimated.

• Include commitments not connected with work, other study demands and domestic responsibilities.

• Plan a proposed timetable.

• The time scale should be realistic and achievable, making allowances for delays such as, difficulty locating important references.

Step 3    Literature Search

• Having defined your question and narrowed down the area of interest, head to the library.

• It is of benefit to have narrowed down your area at this stage to minimise the amount of information to sort through.

• Identify the scope of the literature search in terms of the dates of publication and countries of origin.

 

Types of Literature to Include

• Research studies are central to a literature review and should be critiqued appropriately.

• The subject may also appear in the literature as debate or description and the reviewer must make an informed judgement about what to include.

• A review should reflect and comment upon the type of literature available i.e. anecdotal / empirical.

• Include literature from other disciplines if appropriate.

How to Use Data Sources

• Search using a recognised health database such as CINAHL, PubMed.Medline and PsycINFO, Cochrane

• The Internet is another option when searching for information - use reputable sites, i.e. NICE, NHS Evidence. Google / Google Scholar and other internet search engines may be used as an adjunct but should not be your main source (see lecture on use of the Grey Literature)

• Books may give comprehensive accounts of a subject and help with background / definitions.

• Peer reviewed journals should be your main source to provide more recent data.

• Use libraries such as UEL, Royal College of Nursing, NHS Trust libraries and Hospital Libraries.

 

Pointers for Use

• Scan-reading the references as the search progresses is useful, once one keeps the original purpose in mind. This can highlight additional or alternative key words.

• It also broadens the scope of the search and enables seminal work to be identified.

• Read the abstracts to establish if the article meets your requirements.

• Identify and earmark relevant articles.

• After this first search sit down and read these articles.

• Skim them at first to get a flavour of what they are about

• Then read them in-depth, critically.

• Arrange articles into categories and subcategories.

.

Step 4 Conclusions from Materials Read

• Having brought information from various sources together, you need to conclude and summarise what has been read.

• A consensus between writers may become apparent or disagreement may be obvious.

• Try to draw comments and findings together and make statements about what you have found.

• Identify what further work may be required in order to take things forward and make suggestions as to how your findings can be taken into practice areas.

• Draw together your findings in a Table of Evidence (see lecture).

Step 5 Preparing Drafts

• Early drafts of the final presentation allow the student to think further about the data as a means of developing the issues, which arise from the review.

• Writing a draft as soon as possible is recommended because it helps define ideas and develop arguments and conclusions.

• Proof reading is essential. Ask someone else to check for spelling and grammatical errors and to establish the clarity of the material. Final responsibility for the work however lies with the student who submits the work.

SECTION 3: SUBMISSION OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW

All literature reviews should be submitted in accordance with UEL regulations and on the appointed date for individual courses. Please refer to the Module Guide for further details. Any queries about the process of facilitation should be addressed to your module leader and not your literature review facilitator.

Submission dates are set out in a separate sheet for your cohort.

Academic Presentation:

A mark will be given based on the academic presentation throughout the assignment. This will be based on:

• It is expected that students will use a fluent writing style demonstrating clarity of thought with accurate grammar and spelling.

• Students are also expected to adhere to the conventions of academic writing including use of the Harvard Referencing Guide; see UEL`s policy on using "Cite Them Right".

• The Reference List is not included in the word count).

-This should be presented according to UEL regulations that is using Harvard referencing format as presented in Cite Them Right. See referencing guidelines in the student study skills tab on Moodle.

-In summary, references should be presented alphabetically based on Authors names using the following format:

Quaile, A. (2016) `Demand on district nursing services leaving staff `on their knees` says Kings`s fund`, British Journal of Community Nursing, 21(10), pp.490-491.

- Use of the DOI (digital object identifier) can be included (See Cite Them Right).

- All sources referred to in the assignment text should be included in the reference list - this will include the references for the Table of Evidence and also any other sources referred to e.g. other non-research literature possibly used in the introduction, the reference for the PRISMA flowchart or CASP checklist.

 

General Comments

In Literature Reviews It is Appropriate to:

● Focus on the literature in detail to support the themes.

● Link different research studies to support your point. The following are two examples of how this may be achieved:

● "Further evidence to support such claims is provided by Blogg`s (1998) study, which claims that..."

OR

●"These findings are consistent with research carried out by Bloggs (1998)...."

Examples of literature reviews will be given to you to read as part of the teaching and facilitation sessions.

In Literature Reviews it is NOT Appropriate to:

• State your own opinions on the subject (use evidence to support such claims).
• State what you think nurses should do (again use research to state evidence based guidelines).
• Provide long descriptive accounts of your subject with no reference to research studies.
• Provide numerous definitions, signs/symptoms, treatment and complications of a particular illness without focusing on the nursing implications.
• Discuss research studies in isolation from each other.