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Your written piece will analyse the core concepts and principles of the PersonCentred therapeutic model. For example, you will be able to describe in detail the core conditions

Unit 5 Assignment

Please make sure your full name, student number and tutors name are included in a footer/header. You are also required to reference throughout and provide a reference list. 

As a counsellor, it is important you have a thorough understanding of the different theories and the skills involved in each theory. Therefore, in the next three essay questions you will be asked to look at each of the major theories in turn and to write a detailed critique of each, identifying both the strengths and weaknesses of each therapeutic model.

It is expected that you must carry out further reading and research to learn further the theorist counselling on top of what you have learnt in the course. This research of yours will inform part of your learning and ultimately your written work, each essay needs to be seven hundred and fifty words (+/- one hundred words) per essay.

Activity Fourteen: Person-Centred Essay

2.1, 2.2, 2.3 & 7.1

Your written piece will analyse the core concepts and principles of the PersonCentred therapeutic model. For example, you will be able to describe in detail the core conditions. You will identify both the strengths and weaknesses of working within the Person-Centred model. You will be able to critically evaluate how the model differs from other models and be able to relate theory to yourself.

You will think about the range of skills and interventions that are appropriate to use within person-centred counselling; for example, rapport building, active listening, immediacy, paraphrasing, and summarising or reflecting.

You should be able to cite other well-known humanistic therapies that emphasise selfdevelopment, growth and responsibility, for example Gestalt therapy or transactional analysis, and to briefly write some details about these ways of working.

Activity Fifteen: Psychodynamic Essay

2.1, 2.2, 2.3 & 7.1

Your written piece will critically evaluate the core concepts and principles of the Freudian ideas which make up the basis of Psychodynamic theory. You will be able to describe in detail the id, ego and superego, and how personality is developed by the psychosexual stages.

You will identify both the strengths and weaknesses of working within the psychodynamic approach. You will be able to distinguish the difference between transference and counter-transference.

You will be able to analyse how the model differs from other models and be able to relate the theory to yourself. For example, if you were working as a PersonCentred counsellor, critically evaluate how your approach would differ to that of a Psychodynamic therapist? What interventions might you use as a Psychodynamic therapist that you would not use as a Person-Centred therapist?

You should be able to summarise, briefly, the work of other theorists; for example, those of Jung and Erikson.

Activity Sixteen: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Essay

2.1, 2.2 & 2.3

Your written piece will set out the core concepts and principles of CBT. You will be able to describe in detail, for example, the ABC model of working.

You will analyse both the strengths and weaknesses of working within the CBT theory. You will be able to critically evaluate how the model differs from other models and be able to relate theory to yourself. For example, if you were working as a PersonCentred counsellor or Psychodynamic counsellor, how would your approach differ from that of a CBT therapist? What interventions would you use within CBT? How are these different from those used within Psychodynamic or Person-Centred therapy?

Activity Seventeen: Reflective Journal

6.2

Entry five: Please evaluate your personal and professional development whilst completing unit five. You will keep a reflective journal throughout this course which should be around 500 words (+/-10%).

Please see Appendix 1 for more guidance on reflective Journal writing.

Sample Answer

Activity Fourteen: Person-Centred Therapy Essay

(2.1, 2.2, 2.3 & 7.1)

The Person-Centred therapeutic model, developed by Carl Rogers, is rooted in the humanistic approach to psychology. Central to this model is the belief in the inherent goodness of individuals and their ability to self-actualise if provided with the right conditions. Person-Centred Therapy (PCT) focuses on creating a supportive environment where the therapist plays a non-directive role, enabling the client to explore their thoughts and emotions without judgment.

One of the core elements of PCT is Rogers` belief in the "core conditions" that facilitate growth: Unconditional Positive Regard, Empathy, and Congruence. Unconditional Positive Regard refers to the therapist accepting and valuing the client without conditions or judgments, fostering an environment of safety. Empathy involves the therapist’s deep understanding of the client’s emotions and experiences, allowing them to feel heard. Congruence means the therapist is genuine and transparent in the therapeutic relationship, encouraging the client to also be open and authentic.

The strengths of the Person-Centred approach are numerous. The model is empowering as it puts the client at the centre of the therapeutic process, allowing them to find solutions to their issues through self-exploration. Additionally, the non-directive approach ensures that the client feels fully in control, which enhances the therapeutic alliance. This approach is also highly flexible, as it can be adapted to a wide range of issues and individuals, helping them to explore feelings of self-worth, reduce incongruence, and move towards self-acceptance.

However, the model also has some limitations. The non-directive nature of Person-Centred Therapy can sometimes leave clients who are looking for clear guidance feeling unsupported. In more complex cases, such as individuals dealing with trauma or severe mental health conditions, a more structured approach might be necessary. Critics also argue that the model’s emphasis on self-actualisation may be too idealistic for individuals whose external environment prevents personal growth, such as those in abusive or oppressive situations.

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